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| Endogenous vulnerability and post-disturbance risk assessment of substations considering cyber-physical coupling characteristics |
| DOI：10.19783/j.cnki.pspc.260338 |
| Key Words:IEC 61850 protocol stack time reference imbalance concurrent disturbances complete substation outage risk assessment |
| Author Name | Affiliation | | QIANG Ren | 1. Beijing Engineering Research Center of Energy Electric Power Information Security, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China
2. Beijing Electric Power Research Institute, State Grid Beijing Electric Power Company, Beijing 100071, China | | GONG Gangjun | 1. Beijing Engineering Research Center of Energy Electric Power Information Security, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China
2. Beijing Electric Power Research Institute, State Grid Beijing Electric Power Company, Beijing 100071, China | | WANG Dawei | 1. Beijing Engineering Research Center of Energy Electric Power Information Security, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China
2. Beijing Electric Power Research Institute, State Grid Beijing Electric Power Company, Beijing 100071, China | | DAI Hanqi | 1. Beijing Engineering Research Center of Energy Electric Power Information Security, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China
2. Beijing Electric Power Research Institute, State Grid Beijing Electric Power Company, Beijing 100071, China | | YANG Jiaxuan | 1. Beijing Engineering Research Center of Energy Electric Power Information Security, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China
2. Beijing Electric Power Research Institute, State Grid Beijing Electric Power Company, Beijing 100071, China |
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| Abstract:To address the system vulnerability issue induced by strong cyber-physical coupling in smart substations, a wide-area critical node identification and risk assessment method tailored to time-sequence security scenarios is proposed. First, based on the IEC 61850 protocol stack object model and communication patterns, the core functional boundaries of typical messages, time-synchronization dependency mechanisms, and inherent vulnerability characteristics are analyzed. Second, given the unauthorized access threats in open protocols, substation network risk propagation paths and generalized trip-type disturbance patterns are proposed. Then, in response to the characteristics of state-sponsored attacks featuring wide-area incapacitation and link-layer stealth, a multi-site, stealth-infiltration-based concurrent precise time-synchronization disturbance method is proposed. Finally, based on the DC optimal power flow model and the sequential Monte Carlo method, a substation disturbance risk assessment framework is constructed. The proposed framework is validated through simulations on the IEEE-RTS79 test system. The results demonstrate that coordinated attacks targeting critical node combinations can induce severe system cascading failures. Compared with single-point attacks, coordinated attacks significantly increase the system load-loss risk, thereby validating the effectiveness of conducting multi-site disturbances using time synchronization protocols. |
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