To address the challenges in coordinating communication service constraints and power regulation, as well as the insufficient accuracy in quantifying regulation capability when 5G base station virtual power plants (VPPs) participate in grid interaction, a hierarchical aggregation-based method for interaction capability evaluation and optimization of 5G base station VPPs is proposed. First, considering the operational characteristics of 5G base stations, a hierarchical aggregation model consisting of “a single base station layer, a base station cluster layer, and a VPP multi-energy aggregation layer” is established, and the evaluation indices and calculation procedures of regulation capability at different levels are clarified. Then, under the constraints of communication service quality (quality of service, QoS), an optimal scheduling model incorporating base station energy storage is formulated, and the grey wolf optimizer (GWO) is introduced to achieve coordinated optimization under multiple constraints. Finally, simulation analyses are conducted to verify the proposed method. The results demonstrate that the proposed approach can effectively enhance the regulation flexibility and economic performance of 5G base station VPPs, providing technical support for coordinated operation between communication networks and power systems.