To address the issue of distribution network cost recovery under the peer-to-peer (P2P) energy trading model and to ensure fairness among prosumers participating in market transactions, this paper investigates the impact of dynamic network tariff allocation on multi-prosumer P2P energy trading based on the continuous double auction (CDA) mechanism. The dynamic network tariff is divided into a basic usage fee and a topology-related charge. A quantitative model for the basic usage fee is proposed, incorporating voltage deviation adjustment costs, network loss costs, and concession right loss costs. Meanwhile, a network topology cost assessment model is constructed using the electrical distance matrix to determine the portion of transmission fees related to grid structure. An enhanced zero-information bidding improvement strategy is proposed considering the dynamic network tariff, along with a model predictive control-based quantity bidding strategy to achieve efficient energy transaction matching. Simulation analysis is conducted on an improved 11-node distribution network. The results show that incorporating network tariffs not only increases prosumer trading volumes but also satisfies the requirement for grid investment cost recovery.