The peak of lithium-ion battery obsolescence is coming, and the State of Health (SOH) rapid assessment method of decommissioned lithium-ion batteries is highly valued as an effective way to alleviate the problem of battery obsolescence. This paper proposes an SOH rapid assessment method for the decommissioned lithium-ion batteries based on an Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). First, it selects the health factors that can be tested in parallel and analyzes their feasibility and effectiveness. A correlation index is used to analyze the characterization ability of the health factors to the SOH of batteries. On this basis, the SOH of batteries is evaluated by AHP. Finally, the accuracy of different assessment methods is compared. The result shows that the proposed method has higher accuracy than single-element evaluation, and easier operation and shorter test time than dynamic evaluation. This work is supported by the Key Program of National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 51837007) and Beijing Natural Science Foundation (No. 21JC0026).