An incentive energy measurement method based on harmonic power decomposition strategy is proposed to measure the harmonic power reasonably. Harmonic equivalent circuit parameters are estimated by using complex least squares method based on the harmonic sampling data, then user harmonic power and network harmonic power are calculated by using power decomposition strategy, and the incentive harmonic power is obtained based on incentive measurement model. The harmonic power at PCC is measured more reasonably considering the power decomposition. Finally, the reasonability and practicality of the method are proved by the examples of IEEE 14-bus system.