In order to improve the real time rendering efficiency of three-dimensional simulation of traction power supply system based on the three-dimensional simulation engine of OGRE, from the perspective of reducing rendering batches, the simulation model loading optimization method is researched. Working principles of the normal model loading method (single object independent loading), the static geometry loading method and the instanced geometry loading method are analyzed. The three different loading methods are used to load amount of insulators of traction power supply system respectively, the result shows that compared with the normal loading method, the static geometry loading method and the instanced geometry loading method can significantly reduce the number of rendering batches and greatly improve the rendering efficiency. According to the characteristics of the three kinds of loading methods, model loading optimization scheme of the traction power supply system is designed, the simulation results show that the optimization scheme proposed here can reduce the number of batches in real time rendering and effectively improve the real time rendering efficiency.